Crop breeding aims to balance disease resistance with yield; however, single resistance (R) genes can lead to resistance breakdown, and R gene pyramiding may affect growth fitness. Here we report that the rice Pigm locus contains a cluster of genes encoding nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) receptors that confer durable resistance to the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae without yield penalty. Among these NLR receptors, PigmR confers broad-spectrum resistance, whereas PigmS competitively attenuates PigmR homodimerization to suppress resistance. PigmS expression, and thus PigmR-mediated resistance, are subjected to tight epigenetic regulation. PigmS increases seed production to counteract the yield cost induced by PigmR. Therefore, our study reveals a mechanism balancing high disease resistance and yield through epigenetic regulation of paired antagonistic NLR receptors, providing a tool to develop elite crop varieties.
作物育種的目標是平衡抗性與產量，然而，單個抗性(R)基因會導致抗性的崩潰，R基因的聚集可能會影響生長適應性。本文我們報道了水稻Pigm位點包含一組編碼核苷酸結合-富含亮氨酸重復序列(NLR)受體的基因，這些NLR受體對稻瘟病菌有持久抗性而不影響產量。在這些NLR受體中，PigmR具有廣譜抗性，而PigmS競爭性地減弱PigmR同源二聚化作用以抑制抗性。PigmS的表達，因此PigmR介導的抗性，受到嚴格的表觀遺傳調控。PigmS增加種子產量以抵消由PigmR引起的產量損失。因此，我們的研究揭示了一種通過對NLR受體的表觀遺傳調控來平衡高抗病性和高產的機制，為培育優(yōu)良作物品種提供了工具。