The transition from the prostrate growth of ancestral wild rice (O. rufipogon Griff.) to the erect growth of Oryza sativa cultivars was one of the most critical events in rice domestication. This evolutionary step importantly improved plant architecture and increased grain yield. Here we find that prostrate growth of wild rice from Yuanjiang County in China is controlled by a semi-dominant gene, PROG1 (PROSTRATE GROWTH 1), on chromosome 7 that encodes a single Cys2-His2 zinc-finger protein. prog1 variants identified in O. sativa disrupt the prog1 function and inactivate prog1 expression, leading to erect growth, greater grain number and higher grain yield in cultivated rice. Sequence comparison shows that 182 varieties of cultivated rice, including 87 indica and 95 japonica cultivars from 17 countries, carry identical mutations in the prog1 coding region that may have become fixed during rice domestication.
祖先野生稻從匍匐生長到栽培稻的直立生長的轉(zhuǎn)變是水稻人工馴化過程中一個(gè)重要人工選擇事件之一。這一轉(zhuǎn)變極大改善了水稻株型和提高了水稻產(chǎn)量。本文我們從中國元江野生稻中發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)控制野生稻匍匐生長的半顯性基因PROG1。該基因位于水稻7號(hào)染色體，編碼一個(gè)含有單個(gè)Cys2-His2型的鋅指蛋白。栽培稻中的prog1等位基因功能喪失且表達(dá)失活，導(dǎo)致栽培稻直立生長、粒數(shù)增加和產(chǎn)量提高。通過比較來源于17個(gè)國家包含87個(gè)秈稻品種和95個(gè)粳稻品種總共182個(gè)栽培稻品種中的prog1基因編碼序列發(fā)現(xiàn)這些品種中都含有相同的突變，這個(gè)突變可能在水稻人工馴化中被固定下來。